Primitive Archer

Main Discussion Area => Bows => Topic started by: Mesophilic on May 09, 2019, 12:50:56 pm

Title: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 09, 2019, 12:50:56 pm
Just broke my newest and by fat most favorite bow last night.  First time I've been able to get a recurve to the shooting stage.

Osage static tip, 66 inches tip to tip, so I figured I had some safety  room.  Through the process the back and belly developed shallow cracks that ran parallel with the limbs.   I filled with CA and pushed forward. Shot between 300 and 400 arrows. 

Had a splinter lift a little, so I glued and sinew wrapped, shot another 100 or so arrows and the limb came apart.

I'm wondering if we're just too dry up here.  I've had more failures than I can shake a fist at.  Maybe I need to rethink materials and strategy?

Here's a pic of my moisure meter on the next stave.  How reliable do you think this read is?  Do I need to persue backings?

(https://66.media.tumblr.com/7d8cdab4d604d0171b8f167ff3590234/tumblr_pr94d0MYXy1ubi548_1280.jpg)
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: bradsmith2010 on May 09, 2019, 01:20:45 pm
thats too dry,, (--)
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: DC on May 09, 2019, 01:25:39 pm
I've never trusted moisture meters but when they say something that low I would at least pay attention.
 Last winter we had some dry outflow winds that made me concerned so I put all my bows in a box with a tray off soaking wet towels. I aimed a computer fan across the towels. The RH in the box was 30% or so. The box is quite well sealed and only 2'x2'x7'. I had to rewet the towels every day for two weeks before the RH in the box got to 50%. The only place for the water to go was into the bows or the box. The purpose of this story is to point out how long it takes to rehydrate a dried out bow or stave. Just putting it in a 50% RH room for a few days ain't going to cut it.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 09, 2019, 01:34:40 pm
Thanks for the input.

If I go the humidor route, omce a stave is completed to a fully functional broken in bow with oil/lacquer finish, would I still need to store in a humidor?  Because I don't see myself going thru a special storage regimen, I have a hard  enough time remembering to water plants so keeping tabs on watering a humidor  probably won't end well.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: SLIMBOB on May 09, 2019, 01:42:23 pm
Ditto Brad, in that I don't believe they are accurate.  Maybe the outside skin is 3 percent, but who knows what it is 1/4 inch deep.  Still. if it says 3 percent, that is awfully low.  Use the graph that is available that calculates RH by temp and humidity and see what you get.
To be clear, it calculates moisture content by temp and RH.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Pat B on May 09, 2019, 02:36:05 pm
Hickory shines at 6%(maybe 5%) but most other woods will explode at that M/C. 9% to 11% is ideal for most other woods.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: bradsmith2010 on May 09, 2019, 02:49:07 pm
if you measure the inside of the bow that exploded, that should give you a decent reading,,or saw it into and measure the inside,
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: DC on May 09, 2019, 03:26:07 pm
Yeah, I would like to see that.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: George Tsoukalas on May 09, 2019, 05:49:00 pm
Your stave may have developed drying cracks because the back was not sealed.

I've never seen that low of a reading. It is suspect. It may not be that dry towards the center.

I use my moisture meter all the time right down to the first stringing. When I  get a reading  I don't like I stop and let it dry.

I lik 6-8 % for hickory and 8-10% for other woods.

Jawge
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 09, 2019, 11:54:13 pm
if you measure the inside of the bow that exploded, that should give you a decent reading,,or saw it into and measure the inside,

It splintered up something fierce, can't get enough surface area on the moisture sensor for a reading.

I can saw in to it tomorrow and see what it says.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 10, 2019, 12:06:23 am
Your stave may have developed drying cracks because the back was not sealed.

I've never seen that low of a reading. It is suspect. It may not be that dry towards the center..

Jawge

I ended up with most if the crackkng around the thicker parts of the bow.  Several cracks on th back the riser, along the handle side of the riser  and down the fades, and on both sides of the static tips.  I think you may be right and it was still drying.

I have a heck of a time here, I think elevation plays a role in addition to our dry air.  I had a carpenter tell me that it ia like putting wood in a freeze deyer up here in the mountains.  Even well seasoned wood has to be further seasoned here.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 10, 2019, 12:06:58 pm
I cut down the middle of the broken limb, and just like before it is coming up 3%.

The meter might be off, but the wood is very dry and splintery.  Even if the meter is off by quite a bit this wood  still seems extremely dry.

Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Badger on May 10, 2019, 12:41:45 pm
What is your average humidity in the air.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Bayou Ben on May 10, 2019, 01:24:22 pm
I refer to this chart a lot.  I monitor temp/humidity in the place where my wood is stored and it corresponds to this chart pretty well.  Like DC mentions, I would estimate it takes a week of constant higher or lower humidity to make the MC change any noticeable amount. 

Your humidity would have to be around 15% to get down to 3% MC.



Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: DC on May 10, 2019, 01:32:43 pm
I cut down the middle of the broken limb, and just like before it is coming up 3%.

The meter might be off, but the wood is very dry and splintery.  Even if the meter is off by quite a bit this wood  still seems extremely dry.
What does it say if you stick it into a damp towel or a green stick?
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Pat B on May 10, 2019, 04:45:15 pm
Was the tree dead standing?
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 10, 2019, 06:14:53 pm
I cut down the middle of the broken limb, and just like before it is coming up 3%.

The meter might be off, but the wood is very dry and splintery.  Even if the meter is off by quite a bit this wood  still seems extremely dry.
What does it say if you stick it into a damp towel or a green stick?

On the hardwood setting a damp paper towel says 35%.  On softwood  it says 100%.  Masonary 72% and Wall 100%.

Quote
Was the tree dead standing?

That I can't say, I got some staves in trade.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: DC on May 10, 2019, 06:18:29 pm

On the hardwood setting a damp paper towel says 35%.  On softwood  it says 100%.  Masonary 72% and Wall 100%.

Well it ain't stuck on 3%. I don't really know how they work, don't know why "hardwood" would be so much lower.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 10, 2019, 06:22:10 pm

I refer to this chart a lot.  I monitor temp/humidity in the place where my wood is stored and it corresponds to this chart pretty well.  Like DC mentions, I would estimate it takes a week of constant higher or lower humidity to make the MC change any noticeable amount. 

Your humidity would have to be around 15% to get down to 3% MC.

We get regular intervals of single digit humidity.  We have a storm right now, but when it gets back normal I'll definitely reference this chart.

I'm pretty sure I'll have to rethink my bow making strategy and this explains alot of my frustration.

Would sinew or rawhide change the tension on the bow back to a safe zone?  Here's what an engineer friend of mine texted me on the topic, I won't paste the whole conversation  but he believes it's tension and not compressikn that makes a bow fail when too dry.

Quote
Wood fails under tension when you bend it.
You are literally tearing the matrix of cellulose fibers apart in much the same way you would tear a muscle when exercising too hard.

The drier wood shrinks radially, which pulls the bundles of cellulose fibers in tighter together. So under tension and bound closer together they don't have as much ability to slide across each other and/or get out of each other's way. This adds extra stress to the fibers and causes cracks to form.

Imagine a bundle of dry spaghetti noodles. If you grip them loosely they can bend as a bundle. But when you grip the bundle tightly and bend it, it is more prone to snap in half. Same thing goes on in wood.

Drier wood is like the tightly bound bundle of spaghetti.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Selfbowman on May 10, 2019, 06:35:49 pm
All I know is a well made bow built at 7% sent from central Tx to Utah don't last long in a experienced archers hands. Osage by the way. Arvin
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Badger on May 10, 2019, 07:34:36 pm
Wood looses tension strength as it dries but gains compression strength up to a point. below 6% I believe it starts to get weaker in compression as well. Almost all of the bend is because of it compressing. Wood has very little stretch to it.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: bradsmith2010 on May 11, 2019, 06:18:09 am
If the room is heated and dry,,,it will dry the wood more
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 11, 2019, 08:29:39 am
If the room is heated and dry,,,it will dry the wood more

Yes, one of my compounding problems.  The snow partially collapsed the roof on my tin shed and now it leaks like a sieve.  So i brought alot of things into the house.  I put the staves in a closet in our extra bedroom tha naturally  stays colder than the rest of the house due to an ancient snd not well thought out duct work system.

For the last week we've had a weather system so I can't give normal current stats, but last year this time our highs would be in the upper 70's with about 25% humidity in the a.m. dropping.to single digits by the afternoon.  Most of last summer was 8 to 10% humidity range.

The museum pieces I've seen, the local natives used alot of sinew backing and the climate was a little wetter back then, too.

I'm pretty sure my only hope lies in appropriate backings.  I've had issues with sinew drying too fastand ripping apart the  back of the bow.  I think I'll give it another shot when the weather warms up enough to start running the swamp cooler.  If that fails, I'm leaning toward rawhide backing.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: RandyN on May 11, 2019, 09:38:34 am
I've had a couple bows fail here in Santa Fe that I am sure was because the wood was too dry. My latest bow, made from an old fence post, was heading in the direction of failure so I put a rawhide back on it and it shoots nice. I was getting splitters on that bow and that is why I figured it needed a backing. First time i used rawhide and it worked great.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: willie on May 11, 2019, 02:29:05 pm
Quote
I'm pretty sure my only hope lies in appropriate backings.  I've had issues with sinew drying too fastand ripping apart the  back of the bow.  I think I'll give it another shot when the weather warms up enough to start running the swamp cooler.  If that fails, I'm leaning toward rawhide backing.

drying too fast leaves surfaces drier than he inside, whether natural or backed. perhaps a strategy is to make the back wider, as it is usually the back that fails first.

tension qualities get better as the back gets drier to a point (pat mentioned different numbers for different woods), but tension capabilities drop off as the wood gets drier, while compression qualities just keep getting better, overpowering the back

another strategy might be to never bring the bow into a heated space once you are happy with the tillering job, as the relative humidity levels are lower outside. or maybe even measure poundage at some benchmark draw length and double check before shooting if you think the bow may have had a chance to dry out.  an increase in poundage is too good to be true in this case
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: bradsmith2010 on May 11, 2019, 09:44:14 pm
Yes overbuild,,,to be safe,,.longer wider
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Pat B on May 12, 2019, 10:25:09 am
Store it in the bathroom where a shower is.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: DC on May 12, 2019, 12:54:14 pm
Or a closet with a bucket of water in it.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: DC on May 12, 2019, 12:58:52 pm
I've often wondered about using a gun safe. Are they tall enough?
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: rps3 on May 13, 2019, 06:21:28 am
If that is the wood I sent you it wasn't standing dead for sure. I have had only one osage bow break and it was my son in-laws bow that he stored in his new house with a fancy heating and cooling system that results in very low humidity levels. I'm betting that is the problem. I couldn't imagine single digit levels. I wish I had some advice on what to do differently, but I hope you figure something out.

Now that I give it a little more thought, I just broke another osage bow, but it clearly broke on an area of the back where I let the heat gun burn the back too much.
Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: Mesophilic on May 13, 2019, 01:41:40 pm
Quote
If that is the wood I sent you it wasn't standing dead for sure. I have had only one osage bow break and it was my son in-laws bow that he stored in his new house with a fancy heating and cooling system that results in very low humidity levels. I'm betting that is the problem. I couldn't imagine single digit levels. I wish I had some advice on what to do differently, but I hope you figure something out

Yeah, it was one of those staves.  By all appearances it was healthy snd happy till the end.

I'll get something figured out.  I've got a sinew backed osage that I made in Ohio a number of years ago, and it gained over 10 pounds moving here but still going strong through our elevation and humidity swings.  It has birch bark over the sinew and several coats of Massey finish.  So this might be a recipe I need to stick with.

This mositure issue also makes natural shafting brittle.  I'm trying to stay true but may switch to carbon in the future.

Title: Re: How dry is too dry?
Post by: timmyd on May 13, 2019, 02:01:37 pm
Store it in the bathroom where a shower is.

are you married sir???? lol